Future work sentences (FWS) are the particular sentences in academic papers that contain the author's description of their proposed follow-up research direction. This paper presents methods to automatically extract FWS from academic papers and classify them according to the different future directions embodied in the paper's content. FWS recognition methods will enable subsequent researchers to locate future work sentences more accurately and quickly and reduce the time and cost of acquiring the corpus. The current work on automatic identification of future work sentences is relatively small, and the existing research cannot accurately identify FWS from academic papers, and thus cannot conduct data mining on a large scale. Furthermore, there are many aspects to the content of future work, and the subdivision of the content is conducive to the analysis of specific development directions. In this paper, Nature Language Processing (NLP) is used as a case study, and FWS are extracted from academic papers and classified into different types. We manually build an annotated corpus with six different types of FWS. Then, automatic recognition and classification of FWS are implemented using machine learning models, and the performance of these models is compared based on the evaluation metrics. The results show that the Bernoulli Bayesian model has the best performance in the automatic recognition task, with the Macro F1 reaching 90.73%, and the SCIBERT model has the best performance in the automatic classification task, with the weighted average F1 reaching 72.63%. Finally, we extract keywords from FWS and gain a deep understanding of the key content described in FWS, and we also demonstrate that content determination in FWS will be reflected in the subsequent research work by measuring the similarity between future work sentences and the abstracts.

The number of international benchmarking competitions is steadily increasing in various fields of machine learning (ML) research and practice. So far, however, little is known about the common practice as well as bottlenecks faced by the community in tackling the research questions posed. To shed light on the status quo of algorithm development in the specific field of biomedical imaging analysis, we designed an international survey that was issued to all participants of challenges conducted in conjunction with the IEEE ISBI 2021 and MICCAI 2021 conferences (80 competitions in total). The survey covered participants' expertise and working environments, their chosen strategies, as well as algorithm characteristics. A median of 72% challenge participants took part in the survey. According to our results, knowledge exchange was the primary incentive (70%) for participation, while the reception of prize money played only a minor role (16%). While a median of 80 working hours was spent on method development, a large portion of participants stated that they did not have enough time for method development (32%). 25% perceived the infrastructure to be a bottleneck. Overall, 94% of all solutions were deep learning-based. Of these, 84% were based on standard architectures. 43% of the respondents reported that the data samples (e.g., images) were too large to be processed at once. This was most commonly addressed by patch-based training (69%), downsampling (37%), and solving 3D analysis tasks as a series of 2D tasks. K-fold cross-validation on the training set was performed by only 37% of the participants and only 50% of the participants performed ensembling based on multiple identical models (61%) or heterogeneous models (39%). 48% of the respondents applied postprocessing steps.

Person re-identification plays a significant role in realistic scenarios due to its various applications in public security and video surveillance. Recently, leveraging the supervised or semi-unsupervised learning paradigms, which benefits from the large-scale datasets and strong computing performance, has achieved a competitive performance on a specific target domain. However, when Re-ID models are directly deployed in a new domain without target samples, they always suffer from considerable performance degradation and poor domain generalization. To address this challenge, we propose a Deep Multimodal Fusion network to elaborate rich semantic knowledge for assisting in representation learning during the pre-training. Importantly, a multimodal fusion strategy is introduced to translate the features of different modalities into the common space, which can significantly boost generalization capability of Re-ID model. As for the fine-tuning stage, a realistic dataset is adopted to fine-tune the pre-trained model for better distribution alignment with real-world data. Comprehensive experiments on benchmarks demonstrate that our method can significantly outperform previous domain generalization or meta-learning methods with a clear margin. Our source code will also be publicly available at https://github.com/JeremyXSC/DMF.

车辆到设施通信技术的最新进展使自动驾驶汽车能够共享感官信息以获得更好的感知性能。随着自动驾驶汽车和智能基础设施的快速增长，V2X感知系统将很快在大规模部署，这引发了一个关键的问题：我们如何在现实世界部署之前在挑战性的交通情况下评估和改善其性能？收集多样化的大型现实世界测试场景似乎是最简单的解决方案，但昂贵且耗时，而且收藏量只能涵盖有限的情况。为此，我们提出了第一个开放的对抗场景生成器V2XP-ASG，该发电机可以为现代基于激光雷达的多代理感知系统产生现实，具有挑战性的场景。 V2XP-ASG学会了构建对抗性协作图，并以对抗性和合理的方式同时扰动多个代理的姿势。该实验表明，V2XP-ASG可以有效地确定各种V2X感知系统的具有挑战性的场景。同时，通过对有限数量的挑战场景进行培训，V2X感知系统的准确性可以进一步提高12.3％，而正常场景的准确性可以进一步提高4％。

尖峰神经网络（SNN）是一种具有生物学知识的模型，具有高计算能力和低功耗的优势。虽然对深SNN的培训仍然是一个空旷的问题，但它限制了深SNN的现实应用。在这里，我们提出了一个名为Spiking SiamFC ++的深SNN架构，用于对象跟踪，并通过端到端直接培训。具体而言，Alexnet网络在时间域中扩展以提取该功能，并采用替代梯度功能来实现对深SNN的直接监督培训。为了检查尖峰SiAMFC ++的性能，考虑了几种跟踪基准测试，包括OTB2013，OTB2015，Dot2015，Dot2016和UAV123。发现与原始的siAMFC ++相比，精度损失很小。与现有的基于SNN的目标跟踪器相比，例如暹罗（Siamsnn），提议的Spiking SiamFC ++的精度（连续）达到了85.24％（64.37％），远高于52.78％（44.32％）的精度（64.37％）。 。据我们所知，Spiking SiamFC ++的性能优于基于SNN的对象跟踪中现有的最新方法，该方法为目标跟踪领域中的SNN应用提供了新的路径。这项工作可能会进一步促进SNN算法和神经形态芯片的发展。

Bird's Eye View（BEV）语义分割在自动驾驶的空间传感中起着至关重要的作用。尽管最近的文献在BEV MAP的理解上取得了重大进展，但它们都是基于基于摄像头的系统，这些系统难以处理遮挡并检测复杂的交通场景中的遥远对象。车辆到车辆（V2V）通信技术使自动驾驶汽车能够共享感应信息，与单代理系统相比，可以显着改善感知性能和范围。在本文中，我们提出了Cobevt，这是可以合作生成BEV MAP预测的第一个通用多代理多机构感知框架。为了有效地从基础变压器体系结构中的多视图和多代理数据融合相机功能，我们设计了融合的轴向注意力或传真模块，可以捕获跨视图和代理的局部和全局空间交互。 V2V感知数据集OPV2V的广泛实验表明，COBEVT实现了合作BEV语义分段的最新性能。此外，COBEVT被证明可以推广到其他任务，包括1）具有单代理多摄像机的BEV分割和2）具有多代理激光雷达系统的3D对象检测，并实现具有实时性能的最新性能时间推理速度。

从消息传递机制中受益，图形神经网络（GNN）在图形数据上的繁荣任务上已经成功。但是，最近的研究表明，攻击者可以通过恶意修改图形结构来灾难性地降低GNN的性能。解决此问题的直接解决方案是通过在两个末端节点的成对表示之间学习度量函数来建模边缘权重，该指标函数试图将低权重分配给对抗边缘。现有方法使用监督GNN学到的原始功能或表示形式来对边缘重量进行建模。但是，两种策略都面临着一些直接问题：原始特征不能代表节点的各种特性（例如结构信息），而受监督的GNN学到的表示可能会遭受分类器在中毒图上的差异性能。我们需要携带特征信息和尽可能糊状的结构信息并且对结构扰动不敏感的表示形式。为此，我们提出了一条名为stable的无监督管道，以优化图形结构。最后，我们将精心设计的图输入到下游分类器中。对于这一部分，我们设计了一个高级GCN，可显着增强香草GCN的鲁棒性，而不会增加时间复杂性。在四个现实世界图基准上进行的广泛实验表明，稳定的表现优于最先进的方法，并成功防御各种攻击。

为了帮助客户做出更有信息的观看选择，视频流服务试图调整其内容，并提供更多可见性，以了解其电影和电视节目的哪些部分包含适合年龄的材料（例如，裸体，性，暴力或毒品使用， ）。监督的模型以本地化这些敏感活动需要大量的剪辑级标记数据，而这些数据很难获得，而弱监督的模型通常不提供竞争性的准确性。为了应对这一挑战，我们提出了一个新颖的粗2鱼网络，旨在利用易于获得的视频级弱标签，并结合稀疏的适合年龄的活动的剪辑级标签。我们的模型汇总了框架级预测，以进行视频级分类，因此能够利用稀疏的剪辑级标签以及视频级别的标签。此外，通过以层次结构进行框架级别的预测，我们的方法能够克服由于适合年龄的含量的罕见发生性质引起的标签不足问题。我们使用41,234部电影和电视剧集（〜3年的视频访问）和250个国家 /地区的250个国家 /地区提出了方法的比较结果视频曾经出版过。我们的方法提供了107.2％的相对地图改进（从5.5％到11.4％），比现有的最新活动 - 定位方法。

语言模型既展示了定量的改进，又展示了新的定性功能，随着规模的增加。尽管它们具有潜在的变革性影响，但这些新能力的特征却很差。为了为未来的研究提供信息，为破坏性的新模型能力做准备，并改善社会有害的效果，至关重要的是，我们必须了解目前和近乎未来的能力和语言模型的局限性。为了应对这一挑战，我们介绍了超越模仿游戏基准（Big Bench）。 Big Bench目前由204个任务组成，由132家机构的442位作者贡献。任务主题是多样的，从语言学，儿童发展，数学，常识性推理，生物学，物理学，社会偏见，软件开发等等。 Big-Bench专注于被认为超出当前语言模型的功能的任务。我们评估了OpenAI的GPT型号，Google内部密集变压器体系结构和大型基础上的开关稀疏变压器的行为，跨越了数百万到数十亿个参数。此外，一个人类专家评估者团队执行了所有任务，以提供强大的基准。研究结果包括：模型性能和校准都随规模改善，但绝对的术语（以及与评估者的性能相比）；在模型类中的性能非常相似，尽管带有稀疏性。逐渐和预测的任务通常涉及大量知识或记忆成分，而在临界规模上表现出“突破性”行为的任务通常涉及多个步骤或组成部分或脆性指标；社交偏见通常会随着含糊不清的环境而随着规模而增加，但这可以通过提示来改善。

现有的多代理感知系统假设每个代理都使用具有相同参数和体系结构的相同模型。由于置信度得分不匹配，因此可以通过不同的感知模型来降低性能。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个模型不足的多代理感知框架，以减少由模型差异造成的负面影响，而无需共享模型信息。具体而言，我们提出了一个可以消除预测置信度得分偏置的置信校准器。每个代理商在标准的公共数据库中独立执行此类校准，以保护知识产权。我们还提出了一个相应的边界盒聚合算法，该算法考虑了相邻框的置信度得分和空间协议。我们的实验阐明了不同试剂的模型校准的必要性，结果表明，提出的框架改善了异质剂的基线3D对象检测性能。